Early 4th century
Donatism
The validity of ministry and sacraments depends upon the moral purity of the minister.
The Central Error
It made the church a society of the pure and invalidated sacraments administered by compromised clergy.
Historic Response
Opposed by catholic councils and strongly by Augustine.
Modern Echoes
Claims that a pastor’s sin automatically invalidates baptisms, communion, or ordinations, or that one body alone is the pure church.