2nd century
Marcionism
The God of the Old Testament is not the same as the Father of Jesus Christ.
The Central Error
It rejected the Old Testament, separated the God of Israel from Jesus’ Father, and adopted a reduced edited canon.
Historic Response
Marcion was excommunicated by the church in Rome around A.D. 144.
Modern Echoes
Contrasting an allegedly angry, bad Old Testament God with a loving Jesus, or rejecting the Old Testament as Christian Scripture.