16th century Radical Reformation
Socinianism / Unitarianism
Denies the Trinity and commonly Christ’s eternal deity, substitutionary atonement, and original sin.
The Central Error
Its rationalistic anti-Trinitarianism honors Jesus as teacher, Messiah, or exalted man rather than eternal God the Son.
Historic Response
Rejected by historic Trinitarian Christianity.
Modern Echoes
Rationalist Christianity that honors Jesus morally while denying His deity, atonement, resurrection, or final judgment.